The Effects of Forgiveness on Mental Health Essay

Forgiveness has been defined in many ways by psychologists and researchers with no one universal definition. Hill (as cited in Maltby, Day and Mackaskill 2001) state that it is widely agreed that forgiveness involves a willingness to abandon resentment, negative judgement and indifferent behaviour towards the person who has hurt them Although research is recent, from the last 15 years, it has helped develop our understanding of forgiveness . Research has shown that forgiveness gives positive mental health and prevents the development of mental disorders such as anxiety, depression and stress. Two major models of forgiveness are Enright’s model and Worthington’s (2001) pyramid model to REACH forgiveness. Both these models involve steps and†¦show more content†¦In the work phase the individual will feel empathy toward the offender. Finally in the deepening phase involves awareness of decreased negative affect, maybe an increase in positive affect. This model was proposed to promote forgiveness in individuals and was developed from empirical research. If forgiveness can be given this will improve an individual’s mental health as the model suggests and empirical evidence proves support this from a series of studies which had consistent findings to support the argument that forgiveness does indeed give improved mental health. Hebl and Enright (1993) conducted a study on elderly females who had suffered from various injusticies such as spousal conflict and overmedication to show forgiveness can be induced and with therapeutic goals. Further findings come from Coyle and Enright (1997) who used a forgiveness intervention on males who had been hurt by a partners abortion who found forgiveness lead to reductions in anger, anxiety and grief, therefore forgiving does have a positive effect on mental health. A second study by Al-Mabuk, Enright and Cardis (1995) on students who had been love deprived. In an experimental group where the students went through seventeen steps of the process model had decreased anxiety and improved their attitude towards their mother/father All the above intervention studies concluded that forgiveness can beShow MoreRelatedWhen It Comes To Forgiveness, Because There Really Is No1401 Words   |  6 Pagescomes to forgiveness, because there really is no set and stone definition of forgives, there are no specific steps to forgiveness. Forgiveness is not an easy task, and it takes time for an individual to heal (Rotter, 2001). There are many different aspects that play into forgiving a situation. While forgiveness is seen as an attempt to overcome a situation that has caused unhappy feeling and thoughts, change requires a few different thing. There is no specific set of steps to forgiveness, each modelRead MoreBenefits And Benefits Of Forgiveness1308 Words   |  6 PagesOne the other hand, there are various benefits from forgiveness. An individual who is more opt to forgiving is more likely to have better mental, physical, and emotional health. When an individual grants forgiveness, it is seen to build on the core of empathy which involves positive emotional, behavioral, and cognitive responses (Witvliet et al., 2001). Bringing upon a more positive and healthy mental, physical, and emotional well-being. When an individual forgives another, they release themselvesRead MorePersuasive Essay : The Power Of Forgiveness?701 Words   |  3 PagesWestover English 1301 Nov 6th 2017 The Power of Forgiveness Jonathan Lockwood Hule once said, â€Å"Forgive others, not because they deserve forgiveness, but because you deserve peace.† Not forgiving only means that you’re hurting yourself. Forgiveness is one of the most difficult things that one can do in their lives, but there are myriad of things to do if you want to feel free in your life. The word â€Å"forgive† makes people wonder if forgiveness is something that can just come easily to one’sRead MoreResearch Methods Used in the Research Process1256 Words   |  6 Pagesproblem statement. The early stages of forgiveness research focused on self, dispositional, relational forgiveness interventions. However, very little is known about forgiveness interventions in relation to older adults. Thus, investigators of this study seek to examine the effects of brief forgiveness intentions in the context of this developmental stage. purpose statement. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the effects of brief forgiveness interventions via group psychoeducationalRead MoreForgiveness Introduction Forgiveness1396 Words   |  6 PagesTAKE – HOME ESSAY ON FORGIVENESS BEING POSITIVE ANTIDOTE Forgiveness June Callwood For Sabrina Lightstone Comm. 170 Aneela Ambreen FORGIVENESS INTRODUCTION Forgiveness is not just practiced by saints and not only benefits its recipients but have strong connection with person’s physical, mental and spiritual health. It plays a great role in the health of families, communities and nations. Forgiveness provides common ground for love, acceptance, harmony and true happiness Most spiritualRead MoreForgiveness Is The Final Form Of Love1732 Words   |  7 PagesForgiveness Forged Freedom â€Å"Forgiveness is the final form of love† (Niebuhr, 2017). Almost all worldly events are driven by one guiding force, human behavior. One might ask, â€Å"what then is the catalyst for human behavior?† Behavior is determined by thought, thoughts ruled by emotion. Following that same order, the lifeblood of the cosmos would then be human emotion. Generally, feelings are either pleasant or not; they are either good or bad. Some of the most pleasant types of sentiment include happinessRead MoreGratitude And Gratitude1708 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay will highlight all the areas of study and practice learned in the topics; gratitude, forgiveness, laughter, humor, guided imagery, meditation music with and without lyrics, rhythm, tone, color, chakras, synchronicity, integrative health and integrative healing group sessions. Gratitude can be defined as being grateful about an aspect or several aspects of life. Gratitude is a character that should rather be practiced on a daily routine. It can be very easy to request gratitude theoreticallyRead More Review of The Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Depression Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesReview of The Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress for Women After Spousal Emotional Abuse† Summary This study provides a comparison of forgiveness therapy and alternative treatment in females who were exposed to spousal emotional abuse. Reed and Enright (2006) posit clients will achieve greater relief of negative psychological symptoms in long-term recovery with the use of forgiveness therapy in replacement of alternative treatments that have beenRead MoreOutcomes Of Alternative And Complementary Therapy On Older Adults Receiving Palliative Care1653 Words   |  7 Pagesexplores the effects of integrating CAM on palliative care and patient well-being. Strategies to Promote and Protect Health A medical research database was used to gather three articles that supports the efficacy of CAM use in palliative care. These articles all suggest that the practice of these therapeutic interventions are viable in adjunct with traditional medicine practices. Forgiveness therapy Forgiveness therapy is a program which includes the four components of the forgiveness process model;Read MoreForgiveness, And The Bud Of Defeat Blossoms Into Redemption1178 Words   |  5 Pagesand good from evil. The rules from the beginning were to always forgive, and that it is always an option. Forgiveness can help, but is it always possible? The goal on this exhibition of forgiveness is to explore self-absolution, the relationship between forgiveness and anger, and break the limits on what’s truly unforgivable. Releasing hatred is an effect of forgiving others. Forgiveness â€Å"leads to decreased stress,† which can â€Å"help to tamp down the anger,† (Chan, 2014). It relieves fears and

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Effects of Noise Pollution on Mental Health of Students free essay sample

It is interesting that noises emanating from the various types of roadways of today are still among the most important sources of environmental noise, even though the types of noise are not those that existed in Rome, Medieval Europe, or 18th century Philadelphia. Our modern roadways (including road, rail, and air) and the products of modern technology produce increasing levels of unwanted noise of varying types and intensities throughout the day and night that disturb sleep, concentration, and other functions. (Lee Fleming ) This noise affects us without our being consciously aware of it. Unlike our eyes, which we can shut to exclude unwanted visual input, we cannot voluntarily shut our ears to exclude unwanted auditory input. Our hearing mechanisms are always â€Å"on† even when we are asleep. (Babisch 113:A14-15) 3 The noise problems of the past pale in significance when compared with those experienced by modern city dwellers; noise pollution continues to grow in extent, frequency, and severity as a result of population growth, urbanization, and technological developments. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Noise Pollution on Mental Health of Students or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, within the European Common Market, 65% of the population is exposed to unhealthy levels f transportation noise. (Carlos 318:1686-1689) In New York City, maximum noise levels measured 106 dB on subway platforms and 112 dB inside subway cars. These levels have the potential of exceeding recommended exposure limits given sufficient duration of exposure. (Gershon et al. 83:802-812) In 1991, it was estimated that environmental noise increased by 10% in the decade of the 1980’s. ( Suter ) The 2000 United States Census found that 30% of Americans complained of noise and 11% found it to be bothersome. Among those who complained, noise was sufficiently bothersome to make nearly 40% want to change their place of residence. (U. S. Census Bureau, Housing and Economic Statistics Division. ) That noise pollution continues to grow in scope, variety, and magnitude is unquestioned; it is only the extent of the growth that remains unknown. In comparison to other pollutants, the control of environmental noise has been hampered by insufficient knowledge about its effects on humans and about dose-response relationships, but this seems to be changing as more research is carried out. However, it is clear that noise pollution is widespread and imposes long-term consequences on health. (Committee on Environmental Health, American Academy of Pediatrics) In 1971, 4 3a World Health Organization (WHO) working group concluded that noise is a major threat to human well-being. That assessment has not changed in the intervening 30-plus years; if anything, the threat has intensified. The various sounds in our environment (excluding all those sounds that arise in the workplace) to which we are exposed can be viewed as being either necessary (desirable) or unnecessary (undesirable). One might consider the sounds produced in and around our homes by garbage disposals, dishwashers, clothes washers and dryers, refrigerators, furnaces, air-conditioners, yard maintenance equipment, and the many other mechanized time and labor saving devices, which we all use and enjoy, as being necessary. We are exposed to the noise of radio, television, and related technologies; children are exposed to a wide variety of noisy toys. (Axelson Jerson 76:574-578) The noise of internal combustion engines (modulated by legally required mufflers), jet engines (modulated by improved design and by altered flight paths), and train horns at grade crossings (modulated by new Federal Quiet Zone rules), might all be considered necessary. There are numerous other such examples of machines or activities that produce sounds that are tolerated because they accompany a desired activity or they serve an important societal purpose, such as the sirens of emergency vehicles. But what about sounds that accompany an undesired activity, that have no societal importance, or that we consider unnecessary? What about the sounds produced by the so-called boom-cars that are roving, pulsating noise factories? What about the uncomfortable sound levels at concerts, in theaters, and public sporting events? What 5 about the noise of slow moving train horns in urbanized areas or the early morning sounds accompanying garbage collection? What about all the noise on our streets to which buses, trolley cars, car horns, car alarms, motorcycles, and un-muffled exhaust systems contribute? What about the risks to children from noisy toys and from personal sound systems? What about the noise of barking dogs, leaf blowers, and recreational vehicles? What about the noise of low flying aircraft? In general, sounds that we deem unwanted or unnecessary are considered to be noise. Our society is beset by noise, which is intrusive, pervasive, and ubiquitous; most important of all, it is unhealthy. Most reasonable people would agree that much of the environmental noise to which we are subjected serves no useful purpose and is therefore undesirable. The variety of noise polluting devices and activities is large and seems to be growing on a daily basis, although there is no consensus about what items are useful and desirable or noise polluting and unnecessary. Domestic tranquility is one of the six guarantees in the United States Constitution, a guarantee that is echoed in some form or other in every state Constitution. In 1972, the Noise Control Act was passed by Congress, declaring, â€Å"†¦it is the policy of the United States to promote an environment for all Americans free from noise that jeopardizes health and welfare. In 1974, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimated that nearly 100 million Americans lived in areas where the daily average noise levels exceeded those identified as being safe. (Environmental Protection Agency) However, in 1982, the government abruptly terminated federal funding for the Office of Noise 6 Abatement and Control, the vehicle by which the public was to be protected from the adver se effects of noise. The lack of funds threw total responsibility for noise control to the states, which have had a spotty and generally poor record with respect to noise abatement. Shapiro ) Since the Act itself was not repealed, local and state governments may have been deterred from trying to regulate noise. Furthermore, failure to repeal the Act sent the message that noise was not an important environmental concern. As a result, in the United States, most police departments seem to be unwilling or unable to respond to noise-related problems in a way that provides any measure of genuine or timely control. Yet, in most cities, as noise pollution continues to grow some say as much as 6-fold in the past 15 years so do complaints about noise. Complaints to police and other officials about noise are among the most frequent complaints by residents in urban environments; in 1998, noise was the number one complaint to the Quality of Life Hotline in New York City. In 1996, the Federal Environmental Agency in Germany reported two out of three of its citizens had complained about excessive noise. (Bronzaft 2:1-8) The number of people exposed to unhealthy levels of noise in the United States is unquestionably greater than it was in 1974; the degree of oversight and control is unquestionably less. II. Research Body